Energy information administration doe evse electric vehicle supply equipment gge gallon gasoline equivalent hdv heavyduty vehicle hev hybrid electric vehicle hpwh heat pump water heater hspf heat season performance factor. Before the unveiling of the tesla semi, 8 carried out an analysis that rather dampened the expectations of bets for long haul, showing that with current technology, batteries would be too heavy and too costly for long range trucks. An analysis of hybridelectric vehicles as the car of the future. Internal combustion engine vehicles 1 a united statesbased comprehensive assessment battery electric vehicles bevs do not consume gasoline or produce tailpipe carbon emissions, placing the promise of an environmentally sustainable driving experience within reach of the average consumer. Global warming potential 11 environmental assessment. The tcp on hybrid and electric vehicles hev tcp is organised under. Power grid michael kintnermeyer, tony b nguyen, chunlian jin, patrick balducci, and thomas secrest pacific northwest national laboratory, 902 battelle boulevard, richland, wa 99352, usa.
Joint ventures, especially with japanese automakers, dominate chinas hybrid electric vehicle market. Coverage includes the toyota prius seriesparallel hybrid and the tesla pure electric arrangements. Plugin hybrid electric vehicles phevs have been promoted as a potential technology to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants by using electricity instead of petroleum, and by improving electric system efficiency by providing vehicle togrid v2g services. Environmental assessment of plugin hybrid electric vehicles, volume. Materials science and technology division an assessment of flywheel high power energy storage technology for hybrid vehicles james g. Control of the electric motor is a fundamental issue for traction application in electric. Executive summary environmental assessment of plugin hybrid. Flywheel high power energy storage technology for hybrid vehicles james g. This encapsulates factors that necessitate the development of hybrid electric vehicles. Introduction the field operations program provides fleet managers and other potential advanced technology vehicle atv users with accurate and unbiased information on vehicle performance. The electric motors and their control technology are key components of hybrid electric vehicles hevs.
Hybrid electric vehicle technology assessment electric and hybrid. Photo by andrew hudgins, nrel 17416 electric drive vehicles at a glance hevs. Establish vehicle level energy consumption, efficiency, and performance data on varying. Hybrid electric vehicle hev models currently populating the vehicle electrification landscape indicate their dominance in the market. Electricity means that a battery sometimes assisted by ultracaps is used to store the energy, and that an electromotor from now on called motor will be used as traction motor. As a part of this process, epa examed a wide range of factors, such as developments in powertrain technology.
It describes the fundamentals of the operation, diagnosis, and repair of electric and hybrid vehicles. An overview of hybrid electric vehicle technology is presented. Hybrid and plugin electric vehicles all electric and plugin hybrid electric vehicles are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. Application of lifecycle assessment to nanoscale technology. Global annual electric vehicle sales by company in 2014 and 201510 figure 10. A full technology assessment ta examines the effects on society of. Environmental assessment of plugin hybrid electric vehicles, volume 2. Introduction to hybrid and electric vehicle battery systems. This report presents the results of the first phase of argonne national laboratorys anls examination of the costs and energy impacts of lightduty hybrid electric vehicles hevs. Nationwide greenhouse gas emissions 0 5325 initial study data on phev performance characteristics and on future power plant technology availability and. Section iiiincludes staffs assessment of fcev technology. Life cycle analysis of the climate impact of electric vehicles. Plugin hybrid electric vehicle an overview sciencedirect. Electric vehicle technology certificate program skillscommons.
Wp 2 assessment of vehicle and battery technology and cost. Krishna veer singh at birla institute of technology and science pilani. Okain is retired from ornl and is participating in this assessment as a consultant to ornl december 2011 prepared for vehicle technologies program, office of energy efficiency and renewable energy, department of energy prepared by. Even if many similar comparative life cycle assessments lcas exist nordelof et al.
We use an electric power system model to explicitly evaluate the change in generator dispatches resulting from phev. This assessment analyzes the current and nextgeneration electric vehicle technologies in terms of the performance characteristics and costs of current and upcoming models. Hybrid electrical vehicles introduction a hybrid electric vehicle hev has two types of energy storage units, electricity and fuel. Analysis of long haul battery electric trucks in eu. Costbenefit analysis of plugin hybrid electric vehicle technology. A comparative lca of an electric vehicle and an internal. Secondary environmental impacts 14 alternative views 16 technology. Hybrid and electric vehicle technologies and programmes annual report prepared by the executive committee and task 1 over the year 2014 hybrid and electric vehicles the electric drive delivers editor. The plugin hybrid electric vehicle phev is one technology that is nearing. Hevs are powered by an ice and by an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. As electric vehicle technology continues to mature, manufacturers are striving to improve the performance of electric vehicles to better meet the demands of a broader set of consumers. Okain is retired from ornl and is participating in this assessment as a consultant to ornl december 2011 prepared for vehicle technologies program. Technical analysis michael kintnermeyer kevin schneider robert pratt pacific northwest national laboratorya abstract the u. Note that none of the production hevs achieve the 50% reduction discussed in the above example, suggesting that there is an upper limit on the benefit of hybridization alone.
Assessment of electric vehicle and battery technology european. Introduction to hybrid electric vehicle systems sae training. In fact, over half the total heavyduty hybrids on the road in california today are parcel delivery or beverage delivery trucks. A vehicle that uses a battery system to provide power, therefore reducing or even eliminating liquid fuel consumption during vehicle operation. Conference paper nrelcp54040485, presented at the 22nd international battery, hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicle symposium and exhibition evs22. Hev powertrain operation is totally different from the. Finally, this report provides a preliminary assessment of the potential market for v2g.
The scope of the analysis is global, including a collection of specifications of major passenger electric vehicle models in china, europe, japan. Plugin hybrid electric vehicle is a transitional technology between bevs and hevs. The study also assesses a nextgeneration technology involving. The key simulation tool we use is the advanced vehicle simulator, or advisor model. Total cost of ownership 7 total cost of ownership and true vehicle cost 8 environmental assessment. However, some independent domestic manufacturers have already made significant progress on full hybrid system development. Hybrid electric vehicles hevs have reached as high as 6% market share of new. Advanced components for electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Electric and hybrid vehicle technology 1 provides an overview of electric and gas electric hybrid vehicle fundamentals. These larger vehicles typically have a diesel engine as the combustion power source coupled with either a hybrid. Midterm evaluation of lightduty vehicle greenhouse gas. Lca studies consider, all the environmentally significant processes throughout the life cycle of vehicles, from raw material extraction, production of components, assembly, transport, vehicle use to the endoflife treatment. Plugin hybrid electric vehicle research project university of.
Fuelefficiency technology trend assessment for ldvs in china. Impact assessment of plugin hybrid vehicles on the u. United states air quality analysis based on aeo2006 assumptions for 2030 0 5326 phev impact on nationwide greenhouse gas emissions overview of study and results this report describes the first detailed, nationwide analysis of greenhouse gas ghg impacts of plugin. This working paper assesses technology progress and new developments in hybrid and electric vehicles in china. Both hybrid and electric vehicles have highvoltage battery packs, often referred to as rechargeable electric. The international energy agency iea established a technology. Costbenefit analysis of plugin hybrid electric vehicle. Topics covered include ev and hev batteries, fuel cells, electric motor controllers, invertors, and auxiliary accessories. The objective was to assess energy efficiency variability depending on use conditions. Electric vehicle fcev technology assessment is to take a comprehensive look at the current status of and the five to ten year outlook for fcev technology in the mediumduty 8,501 to 14,000 pounds lbs.
Cartrain hybrid and all electric vehicle technology trainer the only electric vehicle trainer on the market that combines the 5 different possible hybrid or electric vehicle configurations that use industry level voltages. The ieee board of directors, 2007 defines a phev as any hybrid electric vehicle that contains at least i a battery storage system of 4 kwh or more, used to power the motion of the vehicle. Wbg devices for power electronics see technology assessment 6. Feebates are mentioned as a policy tool in the state climate action plans of. Although electric, plugin, and fuel cell vehicles are making inroads in the market, the hev stands as the market leader in adoption, and manufacturers have no plans on diminishing hev production. An overview of hybrid electric vehicle technology request pdf. Our paper is based on the explanation of such technologies, their function, drawback of this technology, efficiency of hybrid cars, case studies on the present commercial hybrid cars such as toyota prius series. Introduction to hybrid and electric vehicle battery systems c0626 overview topicsoutline requirements instructor registration info driven by the need for lower emissions, better fuel economy and higher efficiency, hybrid vehicles are appearing in many different configurations on todays roadways. Zero emission vehicle and plugin hybrid electric vehicle technology assessment.
As part of the 2012 rulemaking establishing the model year my 20172025 lightduty vehicle greenhouse gas ghg standards, epa made a regulatory commitment to conduct a midterm evaluation mte of the standards for my 20222025. Scenario for estimated electric vehicle sales and battery pack cost list of tables table 1. One of the first steps in this strategy was the introduction of the hybrid electric vehicle hev, which possesses the advantages of both conventional and electric vehicles evs 1, 2. Environmental assessment of plugin hybrid electric vehicles. Technology assessments introduction to the technology system overview of plugin electric vehicles pevs hybrid electric vehicles hevs have reached as high as 6% market share of new cars sold, as shown in figure 8. Hybrid electric vehicles hevs have evolved from their inchoate state and are proving to be a promising solution to. However it still has to overcome some significant barriers to gain social acceptance and obtain appreciable market penetration. As hybrid technology becomes more developed, the parallel drivetrain has broken out into three distinct categories5. The term electric vehicle covers a range of different vehicle types, including battery electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles hevs, and plugin hybrid electric vehicles. Since all the life stages are covered from a cradle to grave perspective, lca prevents. Contents executive summary 1 summary of findings 4 introduction to bevs 5 economic assessment.
Plugin hybrid electric vehicles phevs that have both an ice and an electric engine, with a. Impacts assessment of plugin hybrid vehicles on electric. Gross vehicle weight rating gvwr and heavyduty 14,001 lbs. Evs29 international battery, hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicle symposium.
Emissions impacts and benefits of plugin hybrid electric. Bmwi3 performance assessment in realistic use scenarios a plugin electric vehicle with range extender was tested at ambient temperatures varying between 30c and 50c. May 23, 2015 the purpose of the study is to compare the performances of two passenger cars. An electric vehicle is equipped with one or more electric motors to propel the vehicle. This is the technology assessment of a 2017 toyota mirai fuel cell fc vehicle using a chassis dynamometer in a controlled laboratory environment and indepth instrumentation. Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehiclesa. A vehicle is considered a hybrid if it has more than one power source to propel the vehicle, typically an internal combustion engine and electric motor. An assessment of flywheel high power energy storage. The motor acts as a generator driven by the vehicle s wheels, converts the kinetic energy to electric energy which can be stored in the battery. Iahev tasks 3 task 1 information exchange 21 4 task 10 electrochemical systems 25 5 task 17 system optimization and vehicle integration 31 6 task 18 ev ecosystems 43 7 task 19 life cycle assessment of evs 49. We call this research an hev technology assessment, or. Economic impact assessment of emobility objectives are to develop a. Most electric vehicles sales globally are in markets with consumer incentives to defray the additional.
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